1. Use of Hormonal contraceptives
Estrogen alone increases the risk of endometrial cancer because of its proliferative effect but combination with progestin decreases the risk of endometrial cancer by 30 to 40% and progestin only pill has much more protective effect. This protective effect persists for many years.
2. More the number of pregnancies more is the protective effect for endometrial cancer because of more progesterone secreted during pregnancy.
3. Breast feeding is protective.
4. Physical activity decreases the risk.
5. Copper IUD decreases the risk.
Steps to prevent endometrial carcinoma in high risk patients
1. Lynch syndrome and Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Combined estrogen and progesterone oral contraceptive pill is protective till the child bearing is complete and after that risk reducing total hysterectomy can be done.
2. Patients on tamoxifen can use levonorgestrol realeasing intrauterine devices.
3. Obesity patients should try to reduce weight by dieting and physical activity.
